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The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture

Volume 17: Education

Offering a broad, up-to-date reference to the long history and cultural legacy of education in the American South, this timely volume of The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture surveys educational developments, practices, institutions, and politics from the colonial era to the present. With over 130 articles, this book covers key topics in education, including academic freedom; the effects of urbanization on segregation, desegregation, and resegregation; African American and women's education; and illiteracy. These entries, as well as articles on prominent educators, such as Booker T. Washington and C. Vann Woodward, and major southern universities, colleges, and trade schools, provide an essential context for understanding the debates and battles that remain deeply imbedded in southern education. Framed by Clarence Mohr's historically rich introductory overview, the essays in this volume comprise a greatly expanded and thoroughly updated survey of the shifting southern education landscape and its development over the span of four centuries.

The desegregation of southern education occurred in several phases over 80
years: (1) 1930–45, inauguration of the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People's (NAACP) desegregation campaign, which
ended the era of virtually unchallenged Jim Crowism; (2) 1945–54, overturning
the separate-but-equal doctrine, first in graduate and professional education and
then in elementary and secondary schools; (3) 1955–64, massive southern white
resistance countered ...

The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture

Volume 16: Sports and Recreation

What southerners do, where they go, and what they expect to accomplish in their spare time, their "leisure," reveals much about their cultural values, class and racial similarities and differences, and historical perspectives. This volume of The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture offers an authoritative and readable reference to the culture of sports and recreation in the American South, surveying the various activities in which southerners engage in their nonwork hours, as well as attitudes surrounding those activities. Seventy-four thematic essays explore activities from the familiar (porch sitting and fairs) to the essential (football and stock car racing) to the unusual (pool checkers and a sport called "fireballing"). In seventy-seven topical entries, contributors profile major sites associated with recreational activities (such as Dollywood, drive-ins, and the Appalachian Trail) and prominent sports figures (including Althea Gibson, Michael Jordan, Mia Hamm, and Hank Aaron). Taken together, the entries provide an engaging look at the ways southerners relax, pass time, celebrate, let loose, and have fun.

Professional. Professional football arrived in the South when both the Dallas
Cowboys and the Houston Oilers began National Football League (NFL) play in
1960, and the teams that emerged since have been very competitive. Often
referred to as “America's team,” the Cowboys gained wide television coverage in
the South during the first six years of their franchise. Today they are still one of
the most popular teams in the NFL, with the most recognized cheerleaders in the
league.