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Basic Water and Wastewater Treatment

Butterworths Basic Series

Basic Water and Wastewater Treatment discusses the water cycle, flow measurement, physical treatment processes, chemical treatment processes, biological treatment process, and sludge handling and treatment. The book also describes the use of the BASIC computer program to calculate problems involving water pollutants. Flow measurements involve the use of a gauging structure, velocity measurements of a known cross-section, or dilution gauging. To evaluate, in quantitative terms, the effects of a certain pollutant discharged and received by a body of water, the investigator can employ a tool in chemical dilution gauging—the mass balance analysis. Many microorganisms, organic and inorganic compounds degrade in a natural process of self-purification; their decay can be modeled as an exponential function. One standard of water treatment facility or wastewater treatment plant cannot be built to deal with all the various components of water pollution. The book cites relevant standards such as the EC Directive 80/778/EEC: "Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption" in the EU; the "Safe Drinking Water Act" in the U.S.A.; and the "Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality" issued by the World Health Organization. The book describes water quality parameters, water supply sources, and wastewater collection, including its treatment and disposal.

It is not intended to be an instruction manual for programming in BASIC, nor is it a
comprehensive coverage of water and wastewater treatment. An introductory
chapter provides sufficient information about programming in BASIC to enable
the ...

Basic Reliability Engineering Analysis

Butterworths Basic Series

BASIC Reliability Engineering Analysis describes reliability activities as they occur during an industrial development cycle. Reliability as a function of time is discussed, along with systems modeling, predicting and estimating reliability, and quality assurance. This book is comprised of seven chapters and begins with a brief introduction to the BASIC computer language used in the programs in the text. The second chapter describes the way reliability is taken into account in different parts of the development cycle, while the third chapter discusses the basic concepts of reliability as a function of time, failure rate, and some basic statistical concepts. The fourth chapter deals with the modeling of complex systems and related topics such as availability and maintainability. The fifth chapter describes the activities that can go on early in the development cycle, while the sixth chapter gives some of the techniques that can be used to analyze data generated during development or later in the cycle when equipment is in use. The final chapter offers a brief look at quality assurance and acquaints the reader with the concepts involved, using inspection by attributes to introduce the ideas. This monograph is intended for engineers or managers with a particular interest in reliability, as well as for engineering undergraduates.

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