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Tropical Rainforests and Agroforests Under Global Change

Proceedings ; International Symposium, October 5 - 9, 2008, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia

Human-induced land-use intensification and climate change are major global change drivers likely to continue for a long time. This international symposium provides an open platform for all scientists from socio-economic and natural sciences interested in the effects of global change on rainforests and agroforests. Balancing the ecological and socio-economic benefits of different agroforestry systems, comparing patterns and processes in managed agroforest and natural forest, and modeling the dynamics of land-use change and related resource degradation under various policy scenarios are major topics of this symposium.

Having adopted a protected area in legal terms does not automatically lead to the
"real" protection of the tropical rainforest included in the protected area. Harmful
practices originate from the failure of policies, laws and decision-making
processes to provide effective guidance and conservation incentives to
managers and others involved. Conservation managers and other stakeholders
involved in the protection and sustainable use of tropical rainforests confirm that
problems at the ...

Tropical Rainforests and Agroforests under Global Change

Ecological and Socio-economic Valuations

not only for land use systems that depend on the regular supply of rain or irrigation water but also for the future development of natural rainforests as drought stress has been shown to a?ect tree growth and species composition in old-growth forests (Wright 1991, Walsh and Newbery 1999, Engelbrecht et al. 2007). A drought experiment conducted in a cacao agroforestry plantation showed that this plantation was surprisingly resilient to an induced drought of more than a year (Schwendenmann et al. 2009). However, droughts can have a strong impact on household incomes from agriculture, they strongly a?ect the vulnerability to poverty and thus have to be analyzed as important exogenous shocks to households, forcing them to adjust their behaviour and develop strategies to cope with these problems. The stability of rainforest margins is a critical factor in the protection of tropical rainforests (Tscharntke et al. 2007). At present, however, rainf- est margins in many parts of the tropics are far from stable, both in soc- economic and in ecological terms. For example, protected areas may attract, rather than repel, human settlement, which may be due to international donor investment in national conservation programs (Wittemeyer et al. 2008). An alternative hypothesis is that protected areas might be compromised if leakage takes place, that is, if impacts that would take place inside the restricted area are displaced to a nearby, undisturbed area (Ewers and Rodrigues 2008).

Globally, tropical rainforest species are under increasing threat due to ongoing
deforestation. We summarize published studies on effects of forest disturbance
and conversion on tropical butterfly assemblages with a focus on forest species.
Additionally, we use existing faunal monographs to extract information on the
habitat affiliations of tropical forest butterflies. Based on these data, we quantify
the importance of human-modified habitats for the conservation of tropical
butterflies ...