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Multithreaded Computer Architecture: A Summary of the State of the ART

A Summary of the State of the Art

Multithreaded computer architecture has emerged as one of the most promising and exciting avenues for the exploitation of parallelism. This new field represents the confluence of several independent research directions which have united over a common set of issues and techniques. Multithreading draws on recent advances in dataflow, RISC, compiling for fine-grained parallel execution, and dynamic resource management. It offers the hope of dramatic performance increases through parallel execution for a broad spectrum of significant applications based on extensions to `traditional' approaches. Multithreaded Computer Architecture is divided into four parts, reflecting four major perspectives on the topic. Part I provides the reader with basic background information, definitions, and surveys of work which have in one way or another been pivotal in defining and shaping multithreading as an architectural discipline. Part II examines key elements of multithreading, highlighting the fundamental nature of latency and synchronization. This section presents clever techniques for hiding latency and supporting large synchronization name spaces. Part III looks at three major multithreaded systems, considering issues of machine organization and compilation strategy. Part IV concludes the volume with an analysis of multithreaded architectures, showcasing methodologies and actual measurements. Multithreaded Computer Architecture: A Summary of the State of the Art is an excellent reference source and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.

The three illustrative architectures described in the previous sections represent
only a fraction of the worldwide collection of research projects exploring various
approaches to realizing the benefits of multithreaded computer architecture.

Computer Architecture: A Minimalist Perspective

Dynamics and Sustainability

The one instruction set computer (OISC) is the ultimate reduced instruction set computer (RISC). In OISC, the instruction set consists of only one instruction, and then by composition, all other necessary instructions are synthesized. This is an approach completely opposite to that of a complex instruction set computer (CISC), which incorporates complex instructions as microprograms within the processor. Computer Architecture: A Minimalist Perspective examines computer architecture, computability theory, and the history of computers from the perspective of one instruction set computing - a novel approach in which the computer supports only one, simple instruction. This bold, new paradigm offers significant promise in biological, chemical, optical, and molecular scale computers. Features include: · Provides a comprehensive study of computer architecture using computability theory as a base. · Provides a fresh perspective on computer architecture not found in any other text. · Covers history, theory, and practice of computer architecture from a minimalist perspective. Includes a complete implementation of a one instruction computer. · Includes exercises and programming assignments. Computer Architecture: A Minimalist Perspective is designed to meet the needs of a professional audience composed of researchers, computer hardware engineers, software engineers computational theorists, and systems engineers. The book is also intended for use in upper division undergraduate students and early graduate students studying computer architecture or embedded systems. It is an excellent text for use as a supplement or alternative in traditional Computer Architecture Courses, or in courses entitled "Special Topics in Computer Architecture."

Therefore, an SBN OISC stack architecture would need an implicit stack counter,
and possibly a difference register. Therefore, in the SBN OISC, like the MOVE
OISC, two variants of the same instruction are needed. Clearly, OISC with stack ...

A Practical Introduction to Computer Architecture

It is a great pleasure to write a preface to this book. In my view, the content is unique in that it blends traditional teaching approaches with the use of mathematics and a mainstream Hardware Design Language (HDL) as formalisms to describe key concepts. The book keeps the “machine” separate from the “application” by strictly following a bottom-up approach: it starts with transistors and logic gates and only introduces assembly language programs once their execution by a processor is clearly de ned. Using a HDL, Verilog in this case, rather than static circuit diagrams is a big deviation from traditional books on computer architecture. Static circuit diagrams cannot be explored in a hands-on way like the corresponding Verilog model can. In order to understand why I consider this shift so important, one must consider how computer architecture, a subject that has been studied for more than 50 years, has evolved. In the pioneering days computers were constructed by hand. An entire computer could (just about) be described by drawing a circuit diagram. Initially, such d- grams consisted mostly of analogue components before later moving toward d- ital logic gates. The advent of digital electronics led to more complex cells, such as half-adders, ip- ops, and decoders being recognised as useful building blocks.

Digital Design and Computer Architecture: From Gates to Processors. Morgan-
Kaufmann, 2007. ISBN: 0-123-70497-9. • J.L. Hennessy and D.A. Patterson.
Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach. Morgan-Kaufmann, 2002.

Architektur mit dem Computer

Das Buch beschreibt Instrumente und Methoden, die Architektinnen und Architekten am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts beherrschen müssen. Im Mittelpunkt stehen deren Vorzüge und Nachteile im Verhältnis zu den bisher verwendeten Werkzeugen. Der Zeitpunkt, zu dem sie optimal zur Verwendung gelangen, schließlich die Einflüsse auf die Architekturausbildung sowie auf die zukünftige Architektur selbst.Zu Beginn werden die vielfältigen Beziehungen der Architektur zur Informationstechnologie beschrieben. Es schließt sich die Darstellung der neuen Grundwerkzeuge an, die sich in den Architekturbüros zunehmend durchsetzen, gefolgt von der Beschreibung der Instrumente für den Entwurf, die die Herstellung materieller Architektur unterstützen. Am Ende werden der Entwurf und das Bauen immaterieller Architektur, die in der Zukunft einen Teil der Architekturlandschaft ausmachen wird erörtert, gefolgt von einem kritischen Diskurs zur neuen Entwicklung.

So kann ich Architektur mit dem Computer mit euen Ideen füllen und eine
Referenz ber die Zeit hinweg bleiben. --- Netscape-Architektur mit dem Empire-
ETFle Edit View Go Bookmarks Options Directory Window Netsite: her / / ca. sd.
arch.

Angewandte Informatik und Software / Applied Computer Science and Software

Wissenschaft für die Praxisi / Turning Theory into Practice

0 e Neben der Entwicklung höchstintegrierter Hardware, mit deren Hilfe höhere Funktionalität und Leistung bei kleinerem Volumen und geringeren Herstellungskosten ermöglicht wird, gewinnt die Forschung und Entwicklung im Bereich der Software stetig an Bedeutung. Schon heute übersteigt ihr wertmäßiger Anteil im Durchschnitt 50 % der Systemkosten. Das erklärt auch die weltweiten Anstrengungen auf diesem Gebiet. Führende Universitäten, Großforschungsinstitute und die Industrie haben in den letzten Jahren vielversprechende Ergebnisse erzielt und damit den Weg für eine ganze Generation neuer Produkte geebnet. Aus Anlaß des 10-jährigen Bestehens der Hauptabteilung Informatik und Software in der Zentralabteilung Forschung und Entwicklung der Siemens AG wird ein internationales Symposium veranstaltet, dessen Themenbereiche - Kommunikation, Parallelrechner, Systemdesign, Künstliche Intelligenz und Signalverarbeitung - exemplarischen Einblick in Arbeiten und Kooperationen zwischen Wissenschaft und Industrie geben. Der vorliegende Tagungsband faßt die auf dem Symposium präsentierten Beiträge renommierter Wissenschaftler amerikanischer, österreichischer und deutscher Institute sowie international anerkannter Mitarbeiter der Siemens AG und der Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG zusammen.

”Open Network Architekture” (ONA in USA) oder auch "Open Network Provision” (
ONPin Europa). Im Zeichen der Liberalisierung des Netz- und Dienstangebots
sollen private Anbieter in "nicht diskriminierender Weise” ihre Dienste auf"
offenen ...

Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering

First International Conference, FASE'98, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS'98, Lisbon, Portugal, March 28 - April 4, 1998, Proceedings

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, FASE'98, held as part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS'98, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in March/April 1998. Besides two invited presentations and three system demonstrations, this volume presents 18 revised full papers selected from a total of 59 submissions. Among the various fundamental software engineering issues addressed are formal methods, specification languages, refinement, object-oriented modeling, software architectures, statecharts, model checking, etc.

Completeness of many-sorted equational logic. Houston Journal of Mathematics,
38:173-198, 1985. [Gun92] C. Gunter. Semantics of Programming Languages.
MIT Press, 1992. [GH93] J. Guttag and J. Horning. Larch: Languages and Tools ...

Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering

7th International Conference, FASE 2004, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2004, Barcelona, Spain, March 29 - april 2, 2004, Proceedings

ETAPS 2004 was the seventh instance of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. ETAPS is an annual federated conference that was established in 1998 by combining a number of existing and new conferences. This year it comprised ?ve conferences (FOSSACS, FASE, ESOP, CC, TACAS), 23 satellite workshops, 1 tutorial, and 7 invited lectures (not including those that are speci?c to the satellite events). The events that comprise ETAPS address various aspects of the system - velopment process, including speci?cation, design, implementation, analysis and improvement. The languages, methodologies and tools that support these act- ities are all well within its scope. Di?erent blends of theory and practice are r- resented, with an inclination towards theory with a practical motivation on the one hand and soundly based practice on the other. Many of the issues involved in software design apply to systems in general, including hardware systems, and theemphasisonsoftwareisnotintendedtobeexclusive.

Its model/specification consists of a visual presentation of these parts and
constituent features, and of their properties expressed in a natural-language style
notation based on an appropriate underlying logic (the variant of logic depends
on the ...

Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering

Second International Conference, FASE'99, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS'99, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, March 22-28, 1999, Proceedings

ETAPS’99 is the second instance of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. ETAPS is an annual federated conference that was established in 1998 by combining a number of existing and new conferences. This year it comprises ?ve conferences (FOSSACS, FASE, ESOP, CC, TACAS), four satellite workshops (CMCS, AS, WAGA, CoFI), seven invited lectures, two invited tutorials, and six contributed tutorials. The events that comprise ETAPS address various aspects of the system - velopment process, including speci?cation, design, implementation, analysis and improvement. The languages, methodologies and tools which support these - tivities are all well within its scope. Di?erent blends of theory and practice are represented, with an inclination towards theory with a practical motivation on one hand and soundly-based practice on the other. Many of the issues involved in software design apply to systems in general, including hardware systems, and the emphasis on software is not intended to be exclusive.

A conservative look at operational semantics with variable binding. Information
and Computation, 146(1):24–54, 1998. 99, 102, 103, 107 H. Ganzinger and U.
Waldmann. Termination proofs of well-moded logic programs via conditional
rewrite ...

Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering

8th International Conference, FASE 2005, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2005, Edinburgh, UK, April 4-8, 2005, Proceedings

ETAPS 2005 was the eighth instance of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. ETAPS is an annual federated conference that was established in 1998 by combining a number of existing and new conf- ences. This year it comprised ?ve conferences (CC, ESOP, FASE, FOSSACS, TACAS), 17 satellite workshops (AVIS, BYTECODE, CEES, CLASE, CMSB, COCV, FAC, FESCA, FINCO, GCW-DSE, GLPL, LDTA, QAPL, SC, SLAP, TGC, UITP), seven invited lectures (not including those that were speci?c to the satellite events), and several tutorials. We received over 550 submissions to the ?ve conferences this year, giving acceptance rates below 30% for each one. Congratulations to all the authors who made it to the ?nal program! I hope that most of the other authors still found a way of participating in this exciting event and I hope you will continue submitting. The events that comprise ETAPS address various aspects of the system - velopment process, including speci?cation, design, implementation, analysis and improvement. The languages, methodologies and tools which support these - tivities are all well within its scope. Di?erent blends of theory and practice are represented, with an inclination towards theory with a practical motivation on the one hand and soundly based practice on the other. Many of the issues involved in software design apply to systems in general, including hardware s- tems,andtheemphasisonsoftwareisnotintendedtobeexclusive.

TRIO is a metric temporal logic for modeling and analysis of time-critical systems,
and has been used in a number of industrial projects. Its advanced modular
features are useful in writing specifications of complex systems. Our framework ...

Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering

14th International Conference, FASE 2011, Held as Part of the Joint European Conference on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2011, Saarbrücken, Germany, March 26--April 3, 2011, Proceedings

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, FASE 2011, held in Saarbrücken, Germany, March 26—April 3, 2011, as part of ETAPS 2011, the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. The 29 revised full papers presented together with one full length invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 full paper submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on verification, specification and modeling, reachability and model checking, model driven engineering, software development for QoS, testing: theory and new trends, testing in practice, code development and analysis, and empirical studies.

HETS offers the additional facility to mark formulas in the theory as implied, i.e. as
logical consequences of the axioms; this gives rise to proof obligations which can
be discharged using proof tools associated to the current logic node. A further ...